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Farm Animal Viral diseases

Farm animal viral diseases are caused by viruses that infect animals, including domestic and wild animals. These diseases can have significant impacts on animal health, as well as on the agricultural industry and public health. Some common modes of transmission of animal viral diseases include direct contact between animals, contact with contaminated surfaces, and insect bites.

Symptoms of animal viral diseases can vary depending on the specific virus and the animal species affected. Common symptoms may include fever, lethargy, respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and neurological symptoms. In some cases, animal viral diseases can be fatal.

There are a variety of methods used to control animal viral diseases, including vaccination, quarantine and isolation, and improved sanitation practices. Vaccination is a particularly important method of control, as it can help prevent the spread of viral diseases within animal populations. Quarantine and isolation can also be effective in preventing the spread of viral diseases, particularly in cases where infected animals have been identified. Improved sanitation practices, such as disinfection of surfaces and equipment, can also help reduce the risk of viral transmission.

The impact on animal health, animal viral diseases can also have economic and public health implications. Outbreaks of viral diseases can lead to significant losses for farmers and other agricultural producers, as well as impact trade and international relations. Some animal viruses can also be transmitted to humans, either directly through contact with infected animals or indirectly through contaminated food or water. Therefore, preventing and controlling animal viral diseases is an important public health concern as well.  

The tabbe below show animal viral deases with their mode of transmission, methods of control and symptoms 

Disease	Mode of Transmission	Methods of Control	Symptoms
African Swine Fever	Contact with infected pigs, ticks	Biosecurity measures, vaccination	Fever, skin lesions, anorexia
Avian Influenza	Contact with infected birds or their feces, contaminated surfaces	Biosecurity measures, culling infected birds, vaccination	Fever, respiratory symptoms, decreased egg production
Bluetongue	Biting midges	Vaccination, control of midges	Fever, oral and nasal discharge, difficulty breathing
Bovine Papillomatosis	Contact with infected cattle, mechanical transmission	No specific treatment, or control of insects	Warts on the skin and mucous membranes
Classical Swine Fever	Contact with infected pigs, contaminated feed or objects	Biosecurity measures, vaccination	Fever, lethargy, skin lesions
Foot-and-Mouth Disease	Contact with infected animals, contaminated surfaces, ingestion of contaminated food	Quarantine measures, vaccination	Fever, blisters on mouth and hooves
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis	Contact with infected cattle, contaminated surfaces	Quarantine measures, vaccination	Respiratory symptoms, fever, decreased milk production
Infectious Bronchitis	Contact with infected birds, aerosols	Quarantine measures, vaccination	Respiratory symptoms, decreased egg production
Newcastle Disease	Contact with infected birds, contaminated surfaces, aerosols	Quarantine measures, vaccination	Respiratory symptoms, diarrhea, nervous signs
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea	Contact with infected pigs, contaminated faeces	Biosecurity measures, vaccination	Diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome	Contact with infected pigs, contaminated surfaces, aerosols	Biosecurity measures, vaccination	Reproductive failure, respiratory symptoms
Rabies	Bite of an infected animal, infected saliva on open wounds	Vaccination, avoid contact with infected animals	Nervous signs, aggression, paralysis
Rift Valley Fever	Contact with infected animals, mosquitoes	Vaccination, control of mosquitoes	Fever, muscle pain, liver damage
Swine Influenza	Contact with infected pigs, aerosols	Biosecurity measures, vaccination	Respiratory symptoms, fever
Vesicular Stomatitis	Contact with infected animals, contaminated surfaces	Quarantine measures, vaccination	Blisters on mouth, feet, and udder
West Nile Virus	Mosquito bites, infected birds	Mosquito control, vaccination	Fever, neurological signs
African Horse Sickness	Biting midges	Vaccination, control of midges	Fever, respiratory symptoms, swelling of head and neck
Equine Infectious Anemia	Contact with infected horses, contaminated instruments	Quarantine measures, testing, no vaccine	Anaemia, fever, weight loss
Equine Encephalitis	Mosquito bites, infected birds or horses	Mosquito control, vaccination	Neurological signs, fever
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus	Bite wounds, the infected mother cat	No cure, avoid contact with infected cats	The suppressed immune system, weight loss
Feline Leukemia Virus	Contact with infected cats, infected bodily fluids	Vaccination, avoid contact with infected cats	Anaemia, cancer, immune suppression
Canine Distemper	Contact with infected dogs, aerosols	Vaccination, quarantine measures	Respiratory symptoms, nervous signs
Canine Parvovirus	Contact with infected dogs, contaminated faeces	Vaccination, disinfection of contaminated areas	Diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration
Canine Rabies	Bite of an infected animal, infected saliva on open wounds