Back to: Jss2 Computer Science  – ICT (BST)

Introduction

Safety measures in computer systems refer to the various precautions and actions taken to ensure the security and protection of computer devices and their networks. With the increasing reliance on technology in our daily lives, the importance of safeguarding our personal and professional data from potential threats has become more critical than ever. In this era of rampant cybercrime, taking measures to prevent cyber-attacks, data breaches, and system breakdowns are crucial for individuals and businesses alike. By implementing robust safety measures, we can mitigate risks and protect our digital assets, making the online world a safer place for everyone.

SAFETY MEASURES

Computers are a valuable investment, and it is crucial to take measures to protect them. Proper maintenance involves three key areas: physical cleanliness, safeguarding against malware (viruses), and backing up important files.

Computers are essential tools for many people, and they can be costly to purchase. Therefore, it is vital to ensure that they are well-maintained to maximize their longevity and functionality. To keep a computer in top condition, it is important to keep it clean and free of dirt and dust. This can be achieved by wiping the screen and keyboard with a microfibre cloth, using compressed air to remove any debris, and avoiding eating or drinking near the device.

Another crucial aspect of computer maintenance is protecting it from malware, such as viruses and spyware. These can cause significant damage to a computer and compromise sensitive information. Installing and regularly updating antivirus software is necessary to detect and eliminate malware and keep the computer secure. it is essential to back up important files regularly to avoid losing them in case of a system crash or failure. There are different methods for backing up files, such as using an external hard drive, cloud storage services, or a network-attached storage (NAS) device. By keeping a regular backup of important files, one can ensure that they are safe and accessible in case of a computer failure or data loss.

Physical Measures

In order to keep your computer functioning properly and avoid costly repairs, it’s important to keep it clean and free from dirt and dust. Dust can build up inside the computer and damage its components. But cleaning your computer can be a daunting task, especially when it comes to cleaning your keyboard.

A dirty keyboard can cause all sorts of issues, from keys that stick or don’t work, to the accumulation of harmful bacteria. If your keyboard is in need of cleaning, it’s important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions if they have been provided. If not, there are some basic steps you can take to keep your keyboard clean.

Cleaning the Keyboard

1. Disconnect the keyboard from the USB port. In case the keyboard is plugged into the PS/2 port, you will have to power off the computer before unplugging it.
2. Invert the keyboard and carefully shake it to dislodge any debris and dust that may have accumulated.
3. Utilize a can of compressed air to blast air between the keys and remove any dirt or particles stuck in the crevices.
4. Dampen a cotton cloth or paper towel with rubbing alcohol, and gently wipe the tops of the keys to eliminate any grime or residue. Avoid pouring any fluid directly onto the keys.
5. After the keyboard has completely dried, reconnect it to the computer. In case you are linking it to a PS/2 port, ensure that you connect it before turning on the computer.

 If liquid spillage occurs on your keyboard take the following steps

1. If a liquid spillage occurs on your keyboard, it is essential to take immediate action to prevent any permanent damage. Follow these steps to mitigate the harm:
2. Firstly, shut down the computer quickly and disconnect the keyboard from the USB or PS/2 port. Turning the keyboard upside down, immediately allow the liquid to drain away from the keys. This will help to prevent any further damage.
3. If the liquid is sticky, such as soda or syrup, holding the keyboard on its side and rinsing it under running water may be necessary. It is vital to rinse the sticky liquid away thoroughly to prevent it from solidifying and causing permanent damage to the keys.
4. After rinsing, turn the keyboard upside down to allow it to drain for a minimum of two days before reconnecting it to the computer. During this period, ensure that the keyboard is in a dry and well-ventilated location.
5. It is worth noting that the keyboard may not be repairable at this point, and the replacement might be the only option left. However, rinsing the sticky liquid off of the keyboard is the only chance to make it usable again.
6. To avoid such situations, it is best to maintain a safe distance between the computer and drinks. It is wise to keep drinks and food away from the computer area to prevent accidental spillages. With these precautions, you can prevent any damage to your keyboard and enjoy its optimal performance.

Cleaning the mouse

A mechanical mouse is highly susceptible to dust and other particles that can accumulate inside the device. This build-up can affect the mouse’s ability to track or move properly, resulting in a jittery or non-responsive pointer. If you experience any of these issues, it may be time to clean your mouse.

1. Before cleaning, it’s advisable to check the owner’s manual to see if the manufacturer has provided any specific cleaning instructions. If not, follow these steps:
2. To begin, unplug the mouse from the USB or PS/2 port. If the mouse is connected to the PS/2 port, the computer must be shut down before unplugging it.
3. Next, moisten a cotton cloth with rubbing alcohol, and use it to clean the top and bottom of the mouse. It’s essential to use a cotton cloth as it won’t scratch the mouse’s surface.
4. If you have a mechanical mouse, the tracking ball may need to be removed to ensure thorough cleaning. To remove the ball, turn the ball-cover ring counterclockwise. Then, clean the tracking ball and the inside of the mouse with a cotton cloth moistened with rubbing alcohol. Ensure the ball is completely dry before reassembling it.
5. Regular cleaning of your mouse can help to maintain its optimal performance and extend its lifespan. By following these steps, you can ensure your mechanical mouse continues to work efficiently, providing you with a seamless computing experience.

Other safety measures 

Protecting your computer from malicious attacks is crucial to ensure the safety and privacy of your personal information. 

Follow these steps to keep your computer secure. 

1. Firstly, it’s important to install and regularly update antivirus software as the best defense against viruses, Trojan horses and worms.
2. It’s also advisable to regularly scan your computer to ensure it’s free from viruses. Even if a virus doesn’t affect your computer’s performance, it could allow unauthorised access to your system.
3. Use your browser’s HELP menu to download the latest updates, which may include important security patches.
4. Make sure that the security features on your computer software are up to date, and opt for automatic updates where possible.
5. Use spyware detection software tools to identify and delete any unknown code on your personal computer that may monitor and collect your keystrokes, and send personal information to third parties without your knowledge.
6. Before accessing the internet, enable an updated firewall, especially when using DSL or a cable modem.
7. If your software has identified any “virus/spyware,” remove it immediately and then change your online banking and investing password for added security.
8. Avoid filling out forms in email messages that ask for personal financial information to avoid falling victim to phishing scams.
9. To ensure your security, always type the Key.com URL directly into your browser.
10. After using a secure website, always close your browser or select Exit to prevent any unauthorised access to your personal information.
11. When your computer is not in use, it’s best to shut it down or disconnect it from the internet to prevent any unwanted access.
12. Keep your operating system and software up to date by regularly installing the latest updates and patches. These updates often contain important security fixes that can protect your computer from vulnerabilities.
13. Create strong and unique passwords for all of your accounts, and change them regularly. Avoid using easily guessable information such as your name, birthdate, or common words. Consider using a password manager to help generate and store your passwords securely.
14. Be cautious when opening email attachments or clicking on links from unknown or suspicious sources. These can often contain malware or lead to phishing scams, which can compromise your personal information.
15. Use two-factor authentication whenever possible to add an extra layer of security to your accounts. This can involve a code sent to your phone or other device in addition to your password.
16. Back up your important files and data regularly, either to an external hard drive or to a cloud-based service. This can protect you from data loss in the event of a hardware failure, theft, or other unexpected event